The spinal cord is a nerve bundle that conveys sensory and motor information between the brain and the body. When the nerves become damaged or compressed, this function is impeded. NU-Spine: The Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery Institute performs spine procedures at locations throughout New Jersey. We relieve spinal compression with corpectomy surgeries. Here, learn more about this advanced procedure and how it eliminates pain.
Key Takeaways
- Corpectomy is a surgical procedure to remove vertebrae and spinal discs. It is performed to relieve spinal cord compression.
- Conditions that may require corpectomy include traumatic injuries, herniated discs, spine deformities, and severe spine degeneration.
- Corpectomy eliminates pressure on the spinal cord, providing immediate and long-term relief, stability, and function.
Spine Anatomy and the Spinal Canal
The spine is a column of ring-shaped bones, called vertebrae, separated by gel-filled shock absorbers called spinal discs. The alternating series of vertebrae and discs interlock to create a chain with a hollow center. This center, known as the spinal canal, provides space for the spinal cord. The entire structure serves to support and protect the spinal cord while providing much of the body’s flexibility.
Over time, vertebrae and spinal discs may become damaged due to injury, bone diseases, or age-related wear and tear. The damage may cause the spinal canal to narrow, closing in around the spinal cord in a condition called spinal stenosis. Conditions that narrow the spinal canal include:
- Bone spurs
- Thickening of ligaments
- Traumatic injuries
- Herniated discs
- Degenerative joint disease (osteoarthritis)
- Degenerative disc disease
- Scoliosis, kyphosis, and other spine deformities
- Osteoporosis
When bone, spinal discs, or soft tissue impinge upon the spinal canal, they create pressure on the spinal cord. This compression is known as myelopathy. It causes intense pain and burning or tingling sensations as nerve function is impeded. If not addressed, myelopathy may damage or destroy nerves, resulting in lost sensation and motor control.
What Is a Corpectomy?
Corpectomy is a type of spine decompression surgery, or a surgery that relieves pressure on the spinal cord. The procedure involves removing an entire vertebra and the adjacent spinal discs. Multiple vertebrae may be removed if necessary to restore normal spinal cord function. The removal is followed by a spinal fusion that restores structure to the spine. The result is a spine with reduced mobility but zero pain. Patients can get back to their pain-free lifestyles.
There are many types of decompression surgery, including laminectomy and discectomy. Corpectomy is the most extensive. It is recommended for patients with extensive degeneration or bone disease that has significantly hampered their lifestyle. It may also be used for patients who have tried other treatments without success, often relieving pain when other procedures fail.
What Happens During a Corpectomy
Corpectomy is performed under general anesthesia. This means patients are asleep while the surgeon operates on their spine. Once the anesthesia has taken effect, the surgeon performs the following steps:
- The surgeon makes an incision over the section of the spine to be treated.
- The surgeon gently pulls aside the skin, fat, and muscle to expose the spine.
- Using precise tools, the surgeon carefully removes the damaged vertebra and spinal discs.
- The surgeon inserts a synthetic cage into the gap created by the removed vertebra. The surgeon then fills the cage with bone graft material taken from the patient’s body or a donor bank.
- The surgeon places titanium rods and screws to anchor the spine and provide added stability.
- The surgeon closes the incision with stitches and applies a protective bandage.
Afterward, the patient is taken to a recovery room until they wake up from anesthesia. They are moved to their hospital room once awake. Patients can expect a hospital stay of at least one day to ensure that the healing process begins without any complications.
Dr. Branko Skovrlj at NU-Spine discusses procedures with his patients, helping them understand his treatment plan and how it will help them. Patients should not hesitate to ask questions if they feel confused or uncertain about their treatment.
Recovery from Corpectomy and Expected Outcomes
Corpectomy comes with a long recovery. The initial healing phase takes a few days or weeks. After this point, patients can return to normal activities, though they should avoid strenuous exercise. A brace may be worn to support the spine while it heals. At around the six-week mark, the surgeon will schedule a follow-up appointment to discuss further recovery. Full recovery takes between four and six weeks, though the grafted bone may take a year or more to fully stabilize.
Though the recovery is lengthy, most patients experience significant relief immediately after surgery. With spinal cord compression removed, the cause of pain is eliminated. Patients enjoy long-term stability, reduced pain, and improved function.
Find Back Pain Treatment Near You in New Jersey
When back or neck pain seems inescapable, surgery can provide permanent relief. NU-Spine: The Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery Institute provides cutting-edge treatments, including corpectomy, to help patients live free from pain. Transform your life with a touch of care. Contact us today or schedule an appointment at one of our New Jersey locations near you.
Frequently Asked Questions About Corpectomy
What is corpectomy?
A corpectomy is a spine surgery that removes vertebrae and nearby disc material to take pressure off the spinal cord and spinal nerves.
Why would someone need a corpectomy?
It’s typically recommended when spinal cord/nerve compression is causing significant symptoms—like pain, numbness, weakness, or trouble walking—and conservative treatments haven’t helped enough.
What happens during the corpectomy procedure?
The surgeon removes enough bone and disc material to decompress the spinal cord and nerve roots, then restores stability in the treated area.
Will I need an implant or spinal fusion after a corpectomy?
Sometimes an implant is used to fill the space for strength and stability, and spinal fusion is used to keep the spine stable.
What does recovery usually look like?
Recovery usually involves an overnight hospital stay with discharge the next day, follow-up visits to monitor healing, and a typical full recovery window of about 6–8 weeks. A brace may be needed during the initial recovery phase. The grafted bone may take a year or more to fully stabilize.